Retirement Plans: IRA’s
Retirement plans have special tax advantages, but they also suffer from tax regulations. Two benefits would be that you are able to get a tax break if you contribute to a retirement plan and you are also able to have your retirement income grow tax free. The regulations include things such as limits on annual contributions, frequency of contributions, and the total size of each contributions. Before jumping into a specific IRA plan it is wise to weigh your options in order to find the plan that is right for you. There are two basic categories to choose from; you can either go with an IRA or an employer-sponsored plan.
IRAs are very popular because they are so easy to setup and also easy to maintain. A person does not need employer approval to open an IRA and you can contribute as much as you want to the account, as long as you do not exceed the annual limits). Below are the three main types of IRAs.
Traditional IRA. With this type of IRA you are able to let your assets grow on a tax-deferred basis. This is advantageous because you will not have to pay taxes on your assets until you withdraw funds from your account.
Contribution eligibility depends on earned income, statutory limits, and age. You can only contribute, at a maximum, as much as your earned income. Earned income is defined as income from wages and self-employment income in the period of one year. Earned income does not include investment income. If you are age 50 or older then you may also be allowed to contribute what are called catch-up contributions. Additionally, your spouse can also use your income to make contributions of his or her own. However, you and your spouse are only eligible for make contributions if you have not reached age 70 at the end of the year of the said contribution.
Before contributing to a traditional IRA, be sure you wouldn’t be better served by contributing to another IRA type, such as a Roth IRA, or to an employer’s 401(k) plan.
Contribution deductibility is one factor that often times leads an indication to switch the type of IRA that they use. Your income level is an important indicator as to whether you will be able to deduct all of your contributions. If you and your spouse are able to participate in an employer-sponsored plan, then you will definitely be able to deduct your contributions. However, these deductions might not be worth anything if your adjusted gross income (AGI) is too high.
If you aren’t eligible to make a deductible contribution (or a Roth IRA contribution), you may wish to make a nondeductible one you’ll still enjoy the benefit of tax-deferred growth. And, when you withdraw the funds after age 591/2, only the earnings will be taxed. You can withdraw your nondeductible contribution without tax.
Roth IRA. You may contribute the same amount to a Roth IRA as you can to a traditional IRA, but there are different eligibility rules, such as no age limit with respect to contributions, so long as you meet the earned income requirement.
The total amount of your annual contribution to IRAs can never be larger than the defined limit. That being said, if you are eligible you can contribute all of your income to a traditional or all of your income to a Roth IRA. You are even allowed to split your contribution between the two different IRA?s.
It is important to keep in mind that you are not able to claim a deduction for your contributions with a Roth IRA. However, you are able to withdraw all IRA earnings without tax after you reach age 59. This only applies if you have had the account for at least 5 years.
If you already have a traditional IRA, then you may be interested in converting a portion, or the entire IRA, to a Roth IRA. You will need to see if this change will benefit you even after considering the additional tax implications.
If a Roth IRA sounds like a better place to park your retirement funds but you already have a traditional IRA, you may be able to elect to convert some or all of it to a Roth IRA. In so doing, you’ll be creating taxable income, but you’ll also be getting the benefit of future tax-free withdrawals.
Simplified Employee Pension (SEP) IRA. A SEP IRA provides self-employed individuals a way to make more significant retirement contributions than would be available to them through a traditional or Roth IRA. Funds are treated, for tax purposes, the same as IRA funds; you may claim a deduction for your contributions, and distributions will be taxed. But the contribution limits can be much higher.
This data is distributed for informational purposes only; Doeren Mayhew is not rendering legal, accounting, or other professional advice or opinions and assumes no legal responsibility. Contact Doeren Mayhew for more information.